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Jawaharlal Nehru Timeline
(1889 - 1964)Jawaharlal Nehru (1889–1964) was India's first Prime Minister and a central figure in the country's struggle for independence from British rule. A close associate of Mahatma Gandhi, he served as Prime Minister from 1947 until his death in 1964, shaping modern India's democratic institutions, secular policies, and non-aligned foreign policy. More Less
Early Life and Education
Birth of Jawaharlal Nehru
Nov 14, 1889
Jawaharlal Nehru was born in Allahabad, British India, into a wealthy Kashmiri Pandit family. His father, Motilal Nehru, was a prominent lawyer and later a leader of the Indian National Congress. Jawaharlal grew up surrounded by privilege but also by the political ferment of late colonial India.
Image source: Jawaharlal Nehru
Educated at Harrow School
May 1905 - 1907
Nehru traveled to England to study at Harrow School, one of Britain's most prestigious public schools. There he absorbed Western ideas of liberalism and nationalism that would shape his political thought, while also developing an enduring interest in science and history.
Image source: Harrow School
Studies at Trinity College, Cambridge
Oct 1907 - 1910
Nehru earned an honors degree in natural sciences at Trinity College, Cambridge, where he read widely in politics, economics, and literature. He became acquainted with Fabian socialism and Irish nationalism, influences that deepened his anti-colonial convictions.
Image source: Trinity College, Cambridge
Called to the Bar at Inner Temple
1910
After completing his studies at Cambridge, Nehru trained as a barrister at London's Inner Temple and was called to the bar in 1912. He returned to India shortly afterward to practice law alongside his father in Allahabad.
Image source: Inner Temple
Marriage to Kamala Kaul
Feb 8, 1916
Nehru married Kamala Kaul, a young woman from Delhi, in an arranged marriage. Kamala later became active in the independence movement herself, participating in protests and boycotts, though she suffered chronic ill health until her death in 1936.
Image source: Kamala Nehru
Birth of daughter Indira
Nov 19, 1917
The Nehrus' only child, Indira Priyadarshini, was born in Allahabad. She would later become Indira Gandhi and serve as Prime Minister of India, continuing the family's central role in Indian politics.
Image source: Indira Gandhi
Publishes 'Letters from a Father to His Daughter'
1929
From prison, Nehru wrote a series of letters to his young daughter Indira explaining natural history, world civilizations, and human progress. Published in 1932, they revealed his scientific outlook and humanist worldview.
Image source: Letters from a Father to His Daughter
Death of wife Kamala Nehru
Feb 28, 1936
Kamala Nehru died of tuberculosis in Lausanne, Switzerland, after years of ill health. Nehru was deeply affected by her death, which occurred while he was abroad accompanying her for treatment.
Publishes 'The Discovery of India'
Aug 15, 1946
Completed during his final imprisonment at Ahmednagar Fort, this sweeping work traced India's history and civilization from antiquity. It articulated Nehru's inclusive vision of India as a pluralistic, tolerant civilization united through its diversity.
Image source: The Discovery of India
Freedom Movement
Joins Indian National Congress
1912
Nehru attended his first session of the Indian National Congress in 1912 and soon committed himself fully to nationalist politics. Inspired by leaders like Gopal Krishna Gokhale and later Mahatma Gandhi, he devoted himself to ending British rule.
Image source: Indian National Congress
Key Facts
- Jawaharlal Nehru was born on November 14, 1889, in Allahabad, India, into a prominent lawyer family.
- He became India's first Prime Minister on August 15, 1947, serving until his death in 1964.
- Nehru was a key leader of the Indian National Congress and spent over nine years in British prisons for his role in the independence movement.
- He championed a non-aligned foreign policy and co-founded the Non-Aligned Movement during the Cold War.
- Nehru is remembered for establishing India as a secular, democratic republic and promoting scientific and industrial development; his birthday is celebrated in India as Children's Day.
Source
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