Preceden

Crusades Timeline

(1096 - 1291)

The Crusades were a series of religious wars sanctioned by the Latin Church in the medieval period, with the goal of recapturing Jerusalem and other holy sites from Muslim control. Less

Go to: Event List | Key Facts | Directory

First Crusade

Council of Clermont

Nov 27, 1095

Pope Urban II delivers a speech at the Council of Clermont, calling for a crusade to the Holy Land, urging Christians to take up arms and retake Jerusalem from the Muslims.

Image source: Council of Clermont

Council of Clermont

Siege of Nicaea

May 14, 1097 - Jun 19, 1097

Crusaders lay siege to the city of Nicaea, a key stronghold of the Seljuk Turks, during the First Crusade. After a five-week siege, the Seljuk garrison surrenders the city to the Byzantines.

Image source: Siege of Nicaea

Siege of Nicaea

Battle of Dorylaeum

Jul 1, 1097

Crusader forces clash with the Seljuk Turks in the Battle of Dorylaeum. Despite being heavily outnumbered, the Crusaders achieve a decisive victory, securing their advance towards Jerusalem.

Image source: Battle of Dorylaeum (1097)

Battle of Dorylaeum

Siege of Antioch

Oct 21, 1097 - Jun 3, 1098

Crusaders lay siege to the city of Antioch, enduring hardships and internal conflicts before finally capturing the city from the Seljuk Turks, marking a significant victory for the Crusaders.

Image source: Siege of Antioch

Siege of Antioch

Siege of Jerusalem

Jun 7, 1099 - Jul 15, 1099

Crusaders lay siege to Jerusalem, culminating in the capture of the city from the Fatimid Caliphate. The fall of Jerusalem marks a significant victory for the Crusaders.

Battle of Ascalon

Aug 12, 1099

The Crusaders decisively defeat the Fatimid forces at the Battle of Ascalon, securing their control over the coastal regions of Palestine and marking the culmination of the First Crusade.

Image source: Battle of Ascalon

Battle of Ascalon

Battle of Harran

May 7, 1104

Crusader forces suffer a devastating defeat at the hands of the Seljuk Turks in the Battle of Harran, leading to the abandonment of the siege of Harran and a setback for the Crusader cause.

Image source: Battle of Harran

Battle of Harran

Second Crusade

Siege of Lisbon

Jul 1, 1147 - Oct 25, 1147

Portuguese and European Crusaders undertake the successful siege of Lisbon, leading to the capture of the city from the Almoravids and the expansion of Christian influence in the Iberian Peninsula.

Image source: Siege of Lisbon

Siege of Lisbon

Siege of Damascus

Jul 24, 1148 - Jul 28, 1148

The Second Crusade culminates in the unsuccessful siege of Damascus by the combined forces of the Crusader states and the European Crusaders. The failure of the siege weakens the Crusader position in the Holy Land.

Image source: Siege of Damascus (1148)

Siege of Damascus

Third Crusade

Battle of Montgisard

Nov 25, 1177

King Baldwin IV of Jerusalem leads a small Crusader force to victory against a much larger Ayyubid army at the Battle of Montgisard, demonstrating the military prowess of the Crusaders.

Image source: Battle of Montgisard

Battle of Montgisard

Battle of Hattin

Jul 4, 1187

Saladin's forces decisively defeat the Crusader army at the Battle of Hattin, leading to the capture of Jerusalem and the collapse of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem.

Image source: Battle of Hattin

Battle of Hattin

Siege of Acre

Aug 28, 1189 - Jul 12, 1191

The Siege of Acre becomes a pivotal engagement of the Third Crusade, with the combined forces of European Crusaders and the Crusader states capturing the city from the Ayyubid forces.

Battle of Arsuf

Sep 7, 1191

Richard the Lionheart leads the Crusader forces to a decisive victory over Saladin's Ayyubid army at the Battle of Arsuf, ensuring the safety of the Crusader supply lines.

Image source: Battle of Arsuf

Battle of Arsuf

Battle of Jaffa

Aug 8, 1192

The Battle of Jaffa sees the Crusader forces under Richard the Lionheart defeating Saladin's Ayyubid army, securing a crucial victory and ensuring a favorable truce with the Ayyubids.

Image source: Battle of Jaffa (1192)

Battle of Jaffa

Fourth Crusade

Capture of Constantinople

Apr 13, 1204

The Fourth Crusade takes an unexpected turn as Crusaders capture and sack Constantinople, leading to the fragmentation of the Byzantine Empire and the establishment of the Latin Empire.

Image source: Sack of Constantinople

Capture of Constantinople

Battle of Adrianople

Apr 14, 1205

Bulgarian forces under Tsar Kaloyan decisively defeat the Latin Empire and the Crusader forces in the Battle of Adrianople, dealing a significant blow to the Crusader presence in the region.

Image source: Battle of Adrianople

Battle of Adrianople

Fifth Crusade

Siege of Damietta

Aug 25, 1218 - Nov 5, 1219

The Fifth Crusade sees the Crusader forces laying siege to Damietta, a major stronghold of the Ayyubid Sultanate. The Crusaders capture the city in November 1219, but are forced to give it up in 1221.

Image source: Siege of Damietta (1218–1219)

Siege of Damietta

Seventh Crusade

Battle of La Forbie

Oct 17, 1244

The Kingdom of Jerusalem, the military orders and their Syrian Ayyubid allies suffer a devastating defeat at the Battle of La Forbie against the Egyptian Ayyubid army and its Khwarezmian mercenaries. The loss leads to the call for the Seventh Crusade.

Image source: Battle of La Forbie

Battle of La Forbie

Ninth Crusade

Siege of Acre

Apr 5, 1291 - May 18, 1291

The Mamluk Sultanate lays siege to Acre, the last remaining Crusader stronghold in the Holy Land. The city falls to the Mamluks, marking the end of the Crusader presence in the Levant.

Image source: Siege of Acre (1291)

Siege of Acre

Key Facts

  1. The First Crusade was launched in 1096 and led to the capture of Jerusalem in 1099.
  2. The failed Second Crusade took place from 1147 to 1149.
  3. The Third Crusade, led by Richard the Lionheart, occurred from 1189 to 1192.
  4. The Fourth Crusade led to the sack of Constantinople in 1204.
  5. The fall of Acre in 1291 marked the end of the major Crusades.

Source

This Crusades timeline was generated with the help of AI, using information found on the internet.

We work hard to keep these timelines accurate, but mistakes do get through. If you spot one, email us at [email protected] and we'll fix it for future visitors.

Want a timeline like this one?

Generate yours with AI or build it from scratch, for free.

Try It for Free